Verida

P2P Protocols

A decentralized infrastructure protocol (self-described 'layer zero DePIN') providing encrypted private database storage, confidential compute, and decentralized identity for personal data and private AI applications

Hybrid Company Medium capture risk
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Details

License MIT / Permissive
Dev Status Released
Owner Verida Network (co-founded by Chris Were and Ryan Kris)
Country Australia
Start Year 2019
Stack TypeScript, Rust
Funding VC
Last Investigated Jan 15, 2026

Use Case Domains

Identity & Trust Platform Evolution & Sovereignty

Affordances

Sovereign identity Data portability Self-hostable

P2P Protocol Attributes

P2P Architecture DHT + Public Blockchain (DID registry on Polygon; storage nodes form decentralized network; nodes must bond VDA tokens to be discoverable)
Overlay Network App-wide (storage nodes form a decentralized network; user data sharded across chosen nodes per application context)
Content Addressing No (database storage model, not content-addressed; uses DID-keyed encrypted records)
Local-First N/A (data stored on decentralized storage nodes, not primarily local-first; client SDK syncs with remote nodes)
E2EE Yes (all user data end-to-end encrypted with user-controlled private keys; storage node operators cannot access data)
CRDTs Lib N/A (CouchDB replication for sync, not CRDTs)
Byzantine Fault Tolerance No (relies on Polygon blockchain for DID consensus; storage nodes operate independently with staking bonds for trust)
Signature Ed25519 + secp256k1 (DID-based identity using did:vda method on Polygon; supports multi-chain wallet signatures via WalletConnect)
Permissions Cryptographic Capabilities (user-controlled encryption keys manage access; DID-based authentication; consensual data sharing with signed permission grants)
Semantic Web Compatability Links (supports W3C Verifiable Credentials and DIDs; Polygon ID and zkPass integrations for zero-knowledge proofs; not full RDF/SPARQL)
Smart Contract Yes (VDA token and DID registry smart contracts on Polygon; staking contracts for node operators)
Protocol Stack Position Application-layer (built on TCP/IP)
Asset / Value Embedding Native — VDA token (on Polygon PoS) is the protocol-native utility token used for staking by storage node operators and for the user-pays storage model. Node operators stake VDA to participate in the network; users pay in VDA for storage services.
Protocol Maturity / Standardization Proprietary Open Standard (published protocol specifications and DID method; company-developed open standard)